Yubaraj Ghorsai
Soyak VDC is the west part of the district headquarters which is one of the "Hill Queen Heritage" hilly VDCs in Ilam District. Administratively, Ilam is divided into 43 VDCs and three municipality. Out of these 43 VDCs Soyak is one. Geographically, the study lies within 27° 48´ 30¨ to 27° 52´ 00¨ N latitude and 77° 81´ ¨ to 87° 55´ 00¨ E longitude. Soyak VDC is bounded by Siddhithumka and Sangrumba VDCs on the north, Chisapani VDC and Mai River on the south and Ilam Municipalty and Chisapani VDC on the east and Siddhithumka VDC on the west. It is 12 k.m. far to reach Soyak VDC from the district headquarter. The north area lies in the Siwalik Zone, immediately south from the boundary with the Lesser Himalaya. The
Flora and Fauna
At present, no dense forest area is found in Soyak VDC. However, that does not mean that the area does not have any flora. Previously, Soyak had highly dense forests, but due to the new settlement program most of the forests were destroyed. The flora like Saal Salla, Utish, satisal , chilaune, chestnut , walnut , pine cone , rhododendron, Teal, Mango, Jack fruit, Coconut, Betel Nut, are found in Mairiver belt, Fruit and flower plants are grown by farmers. Trees for timber and medicinal plants are farmed in private areas. etc. Chilune and Simal are found in this VDC which are very useful for timber and fire wood purposes.
Herbal medicines ; timur, haro, baro, bojo, peepla, majito,kurilo, amala, Ginger etc. In absence of dense forests, many types of fauna are not found. The most common fauna of this VDC are deer, deer, rabbit, pangolin, porcupine, squirrel, jackle, lynx etc. and jackal and birds like sparrow, crow, peacock, dove Kalij, Bulbul, cuckoo, babler, robin , bee humming bird and many others. Different species of fly, gnat, wasp, grasshopper, butter flies, lich, ant, worm, are found in the grass around wetland. Bee keeping in popular job in Ilam. The most endangered animals of the word like Golden Montour, Salamander, water otter, are found. Besides some mammals, beer, leopard, jackal, jungle cat, monkey, porcupine are common animal cat and dog are domestic and pet animals. Spiney babbler is a rare bird is found in Syak forest. Other birds fawl, peacock, woodpecker, parrot, owl, lark, sparrow, crow, eagle, nightingale are in the forest, song birds are appeared there during the changing seasons. Cow, goat, pick and buffalo are … as special domestically.
Rivers and Rivulets of the VDC
In Soyak VDC there are mainly two rivers known as Puwa Mai, which flows on the eastern side, and Maikhola that flows along the northern side of the VDC. Mai Khola is one of the tributaries of the Kankai Mai River. The major tributaries of Mai river up to the location of headworks are Mai, Jog Mai and Puwa Mai. Deu Mai is also one of the major tributaries which meet Mai River at approximately 10 km downstream of the VDC area. After the confluence of Deu Mai, Mai River is named as Kankaimai Nadi. Beside these there are many rivulets such as Thade Khola, Rate Khola,Sanbang khola etc.The main river known as Maikhola and Puwamai popular worship as a Godness by the peoples.
Mai Khola is one of the tributaries of the Kankai Mai River. The major tributaries of Mai river up to the location of headworks are Mai, Jog Mai and Puwa Mai. Deu Mai is also one of the major tributaries which meet Mai River at approximately 10 km downstream of the VDC area. After the confluence of Deu Mai, Mai River is named as Kankaimai Nadi. Beside these there are many rivulets such as Thade Khola, Rate Khola,Sanbang khola etc.The main river known as Maikhola and Puwamai popular worship as a Godness by the peoples.
Maikhola lies at approximately 87º53’33.64” E longitude and 26º 49’ 11.9” N latitude and at an elevation of 315 m. The powerhouse is located at approximately 87º 53' 2.01” E Longitude and 26º 47’ 30.0” N Latitude and at an elevation of 200 m. The north area lies in the Siwalik Zone, immediately south from the boundary with the Lesser Himalaya. The predominant rock types are sandstone, siltstone and mudstone. The area is mostly covered with forest and cultivated land and tea gardens in the surrounding. The weathered depth of Siwalik rock provides necessary environment for forest and plants.
Climate of Soyak VDC
There is mild temperate climate on Siddhithumka peak and Gurdhum peak in December last to January first week. The topgraphy of Soyak is diverse. It is located at the height of 336 meters to 1110 meters from the Sea level It has maximum temperature 8 degree to 36 centigrade in June to August first week except these two peaks. So, Soyak VDC has suf-tropical climate. The weather on these two Peaks in minimum 3 degree centigrade and maximum 15 degree centigrade in December last to January first week and except this average 25 degree to 30 degree centigrade. It has Monsoon Rainfall approximately 500 milliliter to 1000 milliliter. Agriculture is the main occupation of Soyak VDC where rice and maize as cereal and ginger, broomgrass, cardamom and vegetable farming as cash crop are practiced. Animal husbandry like cow, buffalo for dairy products is well practiced. There are Mai river, Maihydro river poud,Siddhithumka chulli,Balkanya devi, Singhadevi stan,Nindakhu, Lungrumpa, Dihitar, Rakase, Puwa khola, Simle, Nirfuk,Yangnam, Soyak, Katike, Belasi tar, Gurdhum Danda, Madale gaun,Mulghat are main eco-tourism, aro-forestry and interesting villeage visit to see different caste and multi-culture like Limbu, Tamang, Rai and so on.
Soyak VDC is the west part of the district headquarters which is one of the "Hill Queen Heritage" hilly VDCs in Ilam District. Administratively, Ilam is divided into 43 VDCs and three municipality. Out of these 43 VDCs Soyak is one. Geographically, the study lies within 27° 48´ 30¨ to 27° 52´ 00¨ N latitude and 77° 81´ ¨ to 87° 55´ 00¨ E longitude. Soyak VDC is bounded by Siddhithumka and Sangrumba VDCs on the north, Chisapani VDC and Mai River on the south and Ilam Municipalty and Chisapani VDC on the east and Siddhithumka VDC on the west. It is 12 k.m. far to reach Soyak VDC from the district headquarter. The north area lies in the Siwalik Zone, immediately south from the boundary with the Lesser Himalaya. The
predominant rock types are sandstone, siltstone and mudstone. The area is mostly covered with forest and cultivated land and tea gardens in the surrounding. The weathered depth of Siwalik rock provides necessary environment for forest and plants. Being a hilly area, land is not much fertile but the area adjacent the stream side is rich in production and rain 500-1000 cm annual, It has total areas of 29705 ropani. The altitude ranges from 336 m. to 1110 m. The Total population of this VDC is 2827. Out of which male population is 1998 and female 1829. Total number of household is 761. This VDC is the residential area of various ethnic groups such as Bramhin, Chetri, Limbu, Rai, Magar, Tamag Sunuwar,Gurung, Khawas and Dalit. Spoken Dialects like Tamang, Rai, Limbu and Magar, Nepali language is common. Most families in the VDC area are
farmers, growing crops and rearing mostly pigs, goats, chickens, cows and buffaloes. Some people specially living in Soyak work as unskilled and semi skilled workers in the local around the VDC area. Large numbers of young people from the VDC area go to the overseas, especially Malaysia and Arab nations searching for employment opportunities. Settlements in the VDC area are mostly clustered. Banana, broomgrass (Amriso), gingers (Aduwa) are the most common agro-products which are widely collected in the area and supplied to Local Ilam Bazzar and Silugadi, India. Kerosene, rice, sugar, soap, cloth, medicine, stationary goods, iron products, fast food (Chow-chow / biscuits), spices are the major commodities being imported into the villages of the area from Ilam and Birtamod. The average literacy of the VDC area is 88.91% (Male 92.42 and female 85.07% litracy ) out of which around 52.27 % are male and 47.73 % are female.
At present, no dense forest area is found in Soyak VDC. However, that does not mean that the area does not have any flora. Previously, Soyak had highly dense forests, but due to the new settlement program most of the forests were destroyed. The flora like Saal Salla, Utish, satisal , chilaune, chestnut , walnut , pine cone , rhododendron, Teal, Mango, Jack fruit, Coconut, Betel Nut, are found in Mairiver belt, Fruit and flower plants are grown by farmers. Trees for timber and medicinal plants are farmed in private areas. etc. Chilune and Simal are found in this VDC which are very useful for timber and fire wood purposes.
Herbal medicines ; timur, haro, baro, bojo, peepla, majito,kurilo, amala, Ginger etc. In absence of dense forests, many types of fauna are not found. The most common fauna of this VDC are deer, deer, rabbit, pangolin, porcupine, squirrel, jackle, lynx etc. and jackal and birds like sparrow, crow, peacock, dove Kalij, Bulbul, cuckoo, babler, robin , bee humming bird and many others. Different species of fly, gnat, wasp, grasshopper, butter flies, lich, ant, worm, are found in the grass around wetland. Bee keeping in popular job in Ilam. The most endangered animals of the word like Golden Montour, Salamander, water otter, are found. Besides some mammals, beer, leopard, jackal, jungle cat, monkey, porcupine are common animal cat and dog are domestic and pet animals. Spiney babbler is a rare bird is found in Syak forest. Other birds fawl, peacock, woodpecker, parrot, owl, lark, sparrow, crow, eagle, nightingale are in the forest, song birds are appeared there during the changing seasons. Cow, goat, pick and buffalo are … as special domestically.
Rivers and Rivulets of the VDC
In Soyak VDC there are mainly two rivers known as Puwa Mai, which flows on the eastern side, and Maikhola that flows along the northern side of the VDC. Mai Khola is one of the tributaries of the Kankai Mai River. The major tributaries of Mai river up to the location of headworks are Mai, Jog Mai and Puwa Mai. Deu Mai is also one of the major tributaries which meet Mai River at approximately 10 km downstream of the VDC area. After the confluence of Deu Mai, Mai River is named as Kankaimai Nadi. Beside these there are many rivulets such as Thade Khola, Rate Khola,Sanbang khola etc.The main river known as Maikhola and Puwamai popular worship as a Godness by the peoples.
Mai Khola is one of the tributaries of the Kankai Mai River. The major tributaries of Mai river up to the location of headworks are Mai, Jog Mai and Puwa Mai. Deu Mai is also one of the major tributaries which meet Mai River at approximately 10 km downstream of the VDC area. After the confluence of Deu Mai, Mai River is named as Kankaimai Nadi. Beside these there are many rivulets such as Thade Khola, Rate Khola,Sanbang khola etc.The main river known as Maikhola and Puwamai popular worship as a Godness by the peoples.
Maikhola lies at approximately 87º53’33.64” E longitude and 26º 49’ 11.9” N latitude and at an elevation of 315 m. The powerhouse is located at approximately 87º 53' 2.01” E Longitude and 26º 47’ 30.0” N Latitude and at an elevation of 200 m. The north area lies in the Siwalik Zone, immediately south from the boundary with the Lesser Himalaya. The predominant rock types are sandstone, siltstone and mudstone. The area is mostly covered with forest and cultivated land and tea gardens in the surrounding. The weathered depth of Siwalik rock provides necessary environment for forest and plants.
Climate of Soyak VDC
There is mild temperate climate on Siddhithumka peak and Gurdhum peak in December last to January first week. The topgraphy of Soyak is diverse. It is located at the height of 336 meters to 1110 meters from the Sea level It has maximum temperature 8 degree to 36 centigrade in June to August first week except these two peaks. So, Soyak VDC has suf-tropical climate. The weather on these two Peaks in minimum 3 degree centigrade and maximum 15 degree centigrade in December last to January first week and except this average 25 degree to 30 degree centigrade. It has Monsoon Rainfall approximately 500 milliliter to 1000 milliliter. Agriculture is the main occupation of Soyak VDC where rice and maize as cereal and ginger, broomgrass, cardamom and vegetable farming as cash crop are practiced. Animal husbandry like cow, buffalo for dairy products is well practiced. There are Mai river, Maihydro river poud,Siddhithumka chulli,Balkanya devi, Singhadevi stan,Nindakhu, Lungrumpa, Dihitar, Rakase, Puwa khola, Simle, Nirfuk,Yangnam, Soyak, Katike, Belasi tar, Gurdhum Danda, Madale gaun,Mulghat are main eco-tourism, aro-forestry and interesting villeage visit to see different caste and multi-culture like Limbu, Tamang, Rai and so on.
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